madsen



June 19, 1928. 1,674,602

s. MADSEN UNIVERSAL CARVING MACHINE Filed NOV- 4, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet l nfgiigz E /3/ It 57 [52 is 3 9 6 59 5 flzwmfar June 19, 1928.

UNIVERSAL CARVING MACHINE FiledfNov. 4, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 1,674,602, S. MADSEN 4;; wa VZZWWW jg/J Juri'lQ, 1928.

. s. MADSEN l UNIVERSAL CARVING' MACHINE Filed Nov. 4, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 w zaa 25 if 24 flaw/0i I em 06 5622 gp 9%? June 19, 1928,

S. MADSEN UNIVERSAL CARYING MACHINE Filed NOV- 4, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IJWZZOZf 62m aim? SEEN MADSEN, oFoLrn'romIowA, assreivon T0 CURTIS coMrANIEs, rim, or

V a CLINTON, IOWA. r

, cnivE nsA L JCARV'VINGJMACHIINE. v

Application filed November 4,1925. Serial No. 66,735;

The object of my invention is to provide a universal carving machine adapted for use in woodworking establishments for cutting irregular or curved surfaces either in a horiz'ontal plane or in a vertical-plane or in a combination of both. I V 5 More particularly, it is my object to provide a machine of this'type of relatively simple and inexpensive construction having adjustmentswhich can be quickly and easily made torcutting themore intricate shapes, such for example as'bends,"easings,' goosenecks, and volutes encountered in stair 'construction. 7 Another object of my invention is'to 'provide in a machine of the general class de-,

scribed a table supported forrotary swingingmovement and for adjustment horizon-' tally andvertically and to provide a motor mounting having vertical and horizontal adjustment and rotary swinging movement, whereby cutters may be moved vertically and horizontally, and whereby a motor may he turned over for presentation to the work of cutters operated from either endof the motor shaft. f z With these and otherobjects in View, my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of my universal carving machine, whereby the objects contemplated, are attained, as hereinafter-more fully set forth,

pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which;

F igure 1 1s a top or plan View of a universal carving machine embodying my invention.

Figure 2 shows a front elevation of the macl ina'to-wit, an elevation from the operators side of the device.

' Figure 3 shows a side elevation of the machine, partsbeingbrokenaway and parts being shown in section, the machine" being viewed from the r ght side of ,the demos as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 1 is a detail, sectional view'taken on the lined-4 of Figure 2-" Figure 5 is a detail, sectional view taken on the line 5'5of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a detail, {sectional view taken on the line 66 of Figure line 9-9 of FigureQ. V

Figure 10 is a similar view'taken on th line 101 O' of Figure 2.

Figure 11 is a detail, sectional View taken onthe line 1111 of Figure 2.

F'gure 12' is a detail, sectional view of the cutter mounting taken on the line 1212 of Figure'2.

Figure 13 is a similar view taken on the same line illustrating a slightly different cutter.

Figure 14 is a perspective view of one of the forms which may be carved with my carving machine. 7 y 1 Figure 15 is a plan view of the same illustrating the arrangement of the grain in the work arranged in difi'erent positions on the jig for difierent carving operations; and

Figure 20 is a section through a portion of one of the jigsand one of the gripping fingers mounted thereon. v

It will be understood from the foregoing that the general purpose of my invention is top'rovide a carving machinewhich can be used for performing a great variety of operations and for carving many different shapes. For purposes of illustration, I have shown in Figure 14 a finishedcarving, which illustrates the kind of work that may bedone on a machine of this kind. r 1

"Generally speaking, the machine consists of a main frame mounted on legs. At one side of this frame is a work supporting table,

I which is vertically adjustable and also capable of being revolved around a horizontal axis. A motor is mounted above the table for universal horizontal adjustment, for vertical adjustment, and forrotary swinging movement. In orderto secure the proper mounting of the motor, there is mounted on the main frame, what may be called a car'- riage-inovable horizontally in one direction.

On the carriage is mounted a base movablehorizontally in directions at right angles to the movement of the carriage. Su portedon this base is a column upon which IS a vertically adjustable yoke. The yoke'su" receiving respectively right and left-hand cutters, either one ofwhich may be brought; into cutting position for operating-upon work on the table by revolving the turret.

I shall now describe my universal carving machine in greater detail; e

In the drawings herewith, I have used the reference numeral 10 to indicate generally whatI. have called the main frame, which is supported on legs 11. The main frame may be a box-like structure. 77

For convenience, I will consider the side adjacent to which theworkman stands during the operation of the machine to be the front of the machine. This is the sideshown in elevation in Figure 2.

The main frame 10 suppoitsthe operating mechanism of the machine.

'Work table;

The table for supporting the'stocli orjwork is mounted on the main frame in the following manner: I

A large beam or shaft 12 extends across the frame from side to side and is journaled in the opposite sides thereof. 7, is

Removable collars 13 and 14, shown for instance in Figure 2, are held inplace by set screws 15 and ordinarily prevent lengthwise movement of the beam or shaft 12 with relation to the mainframe 10 g It will be observed, however, that upon loosening the set screws 15,'the shaft 12 may be adjusted longitudinal with relation to the main frame for thus permitting of one adjustment of the work table, which is supported on the shaft12.

This table, which I have indicated at .16

in Figures 1, 2 and 3, is supported adjustably on the shaft 12 in the manner now to described and is rotatable with the shaft and is capable of beinglocked in certain positionsby the means later herein referred to.

The beam or shaft 12 carries at its rightof the 'eai Qtl and with a removable collar 23,- just above theear 20, for thus permitting rotationof thero'd 2 l" in the ear 20 and preventin .sliding. moyement of the rod.

On t e lower end of the-roam is a handwheel 24. a rotating the rod 21,, the table 16 may adjusted radially: with relation to theshaft 4 r beam 12. Thus when the parts are in the position shown for example in Fignres l, 2 and 3, the rotation ofthe shaft;21 will effect a vertical adjustment of the table 16 p The shaft 12, being. rotatably mounted, the table may be swung around f the extended axis of that shaft. A handle2'5, shown for instancein Figuresl and 2', is'provi'd'ed for this purpose.

For limitin the rotary swinging niove ment of theta Ie in one direction and holding it normally in position with its upper surface ho izontal', there is previded, as shown, in, i-giire ii, a set serew 2'6 mounted in a 27: OIl the fraine 10 and adapted" to belocked in any suitable position by means or tack. u -23.. e a

p set screwbears against. the'lower part of thehead 17 and is capableof slight adjustment. I a a e Ordinarily when the handle 25 isthrown upwardly for swinging the table 16' and is then allowed to swing back, the head 17 engages the end of the set screw 2 6'wlien the table is returned to normal position. The table isthns swungaround the extended axis of the or shaft 12 for bringing the work on table to position for being operated on by the cutter of the motor hereinafter described. V

Forreleasably locking the table 16 against rocking movement in cooperation with the set: screw 26, I provide the following means:

On the frame 1Q, spaced horizontally from the set screw 26; are vertically, spaced ears 28*. A catch 2S pivoted between its ends between theears2 8 by means of the pivot in 28 (See Figures 2 and 3.) One end 0 the catch 28? normally stands in' engagement with the head 17 at the opposite side thereof from the set screw 26.

A lever 28 has its upper end standing between the other of the catch 28* and the frame 10, as shown in Figures and 3, and is pivoted on the bracket 28 on one ofthe legs 11, and has at its lowerend the foot pedal 28.

The ears 28 are close enough to the frame 10 to'permit the head 17 to clear ing movement, as shown in Figure 5.

When the operator desires to rotate thehead, he actuates the foot pedal 28 and then by grasping the handle can swing the head as he desires.

It is sometimes desirable tolock the table 16 in different positionsof its rotary, swinging movement and for that following means are provided.

It may be noted in a preliminary way that the head 17 is fixed to the shaft or beam 12 and that the shaft or beam 12 rotates in its bearings when'the table 16 is swung around its horizontal axis of rotation.

For locking the shaft. 12in different positions of its rotary movement, I provide between the shaft 12 and the top portion of the frame 10 immediately overhanging the shaft, as shown in Figure 1, a pair of sliding blocks 12 forming gripping shoes. These blocks are arranged to fit the contour of the shaft 12 on opposite sides of the Vertical diametrical center line therethrough.

A control rod 12 is extended through the frame 10 and rotatably through a left-hand block 12, as shown in Figure 1. It then has a screw-threaded connection with the right-hand block 12 shown in Figure 4. 7

On the rod 12 is a shoulder '12 hearing against the left-hand block 12.

It will be seen that by rotating the rod 12 by means of the hand wheel 12 thereon, the

blocks 12 may be drawn toward each othervided or forced apart.

/Vhen drawn toward each other, they will serve as wedges for engaging the frame 10 and the shaft 12 for locking the shaft 1.2 against rotation.

Gutter support.

A carriage 29 is mounted on the base 10 for movement in a horizontal plane forwardly and rearwardly. This carriage is shown in Figures 1, 3, 6 and 7. Itcomprises a substantially rectangular frame. In the upper part of the frame 10 are grooves 30 extending for-and-aft, and in the under surface of the carriage 29 are grooves 31, as shown for instance in Figure 1.

Between the base for the frame 10 and the carriage 29 are ball retainers 32 carrying the balls 33, which travel in the grooves 30 and 31. (See Figures 1 and 7 locking the head 17 against its rotary swingpurpose, the

It will thus be seen that the carriage 29 may be rolled fore-and-aft on the'frame 10. The frame 10 has a central opening 34, shown particularly in Figure 7 Secured to the inner edge of the rectangular frame forming the carriage 29 at a suit-- able distance from the front and rear thereof is a downwardly projecting plate 35 adapted to engage the frame 10 and to limit the foreand-aft movement of the carriage 29 on the frame 10. (See Figures (Sand 7.)

For moving the carriage 29 on the frame 10, a shaft 36' is supported in bearings 37, as shown in Figure 1 at the front of the frame 10. Mounted on the shaft 36 is a hand wheel 38 having a handle 39. Mounted on the frame 10 at the right side thereof near the rear of the frame is a stub shaft &0 on which is a sprocket 11 in line with a sprocket 12 on the shaft 36 as shown in Figure 3.

A chain 43 has its lower stretch extended belowthe shaft or beam 12, as shown in Figure 3, and is extended around the sprockets 41, and 4:2 and has its ends fastened to ears or the like 4 1, projecting from the carriage 29. (Fig. 1.)

Supported on the carriage 29 for lateral sliding movement in a horizontal plane is What I shall for convenience call a column base 17. The outline of the column base 17 is shown in Figure 1 and is generally that of an H.

In the upper surface of thecarriage 29 and the lower surface of. the column base 17 are registering, transversely, extending grooves 48 and 49, as shown in Figure 6, in which travel the balls 50 held in the ball containers 51 similar to the ball containers 32 already described. 7

On the column base 47 is supported the column 52, which mayhave the reinforcing flanges 53 and the bottom member 54, as shown in Figures 1 and 3.

For moving the column base 47 laterally in the machine, the following means are pro- Brackets 55 and 56 projectupwardly from the carriage 29 at the right-hand side thereof and support a shaft or rod 57 having on its forward end a hand-wheel 58 provided with a. handle 59, so located as to be readily and conveniently accessible to the operator-of the machine.

At the rear of the machine, there is provided on the carriage 29 a bracket 60. (See Figure 1.) On the shaft 57 is a sprocket 61 aligned with a sprocket 62 on the stub shaft 63 supported by the bracket 60. A chain 6 1 extends around the sprockets 61 and 62 and has its ends fastened to the column base 4 7 in any convenient way.

In the particular form of the device here illustrated, I have shown the column 52, which is, of course, fixed on the column base 47 provided with the spaced ears 65. The

ends of the chain 64 are connected with threaded bolts 66, which are extended through the cars 65 and are adjustable therein by means of nuts 67 for thus varying the tension on the chain.

' By operating the hand wheel 58, the colunm base 47 andthe column supported. thereon may be moved laterally in the machine, as may be desired.

It will thus be seen that the cutters or other operative mechanism mounted on the column may be adjusted to a great variety of positions by means of the horizontal adjustments of the carriage 29 and column base 47 with relation to the frame 10 and with relation to each other.

I have providedsimple means for locking the carriage 29 in any of its adjusted positions and also means for locking the base 47 in its different adjusted positions.

For locking the carriage 29 against foreand-aft sliding movement on the frame 10, there is mounted in the frame 10 a rod or the like 68 on which is a handle wheel 69 (see'Figures 2 and 7).

It will be understood that the rod (38 has a screw-threaded mounting in the frame 10. The rod 68 extends through an elongated slot 70 in the stop plate 85 hereinbefore referred to and has on its inner end a head 71 bearing against the plate 35.

It thus follows that by tightening the head 71 against the plate 85, that plate, which is somewhat resilient, may be drawn into tight engagement with the frame 10 at the edge of the opening 34 for locking the carriage 29 to the frame 10.

Before describing the means for locking the column base 47 to the carriage 29. I wlll describe the means for automatically latching or looking the carriage 29 in 1ts central position of movement.

Mounted in a suitable boss 72 on the frame 10 is a rod 78 having thereon a collar-74 (see Figure the rod 73 is adapted to enter the small hole 75 in the'under surface of the carriage 29 when the carriage is in its central position. A spring 76 yieldingly forces the rod 73 toward the carriage 29.

For withdrawing the rod 73 from the' of its adjustment.

The upper end of For locking the column base 47 in the various positions of its adjustment on the carriage 29, a screw bolt 79, shown in Fi ures l and 2, is adjustably screwed into the column base 47 and is rotatably extended through a horizontally, elongated slot 80 in a plate 81 secured to one edge of the car riage 29 and extending upwardly therefrom.

The bolt 79 has a head 82 so arranged that by screwing the bolt into the column base 47, the plate 81 may be gripped between the head 82 and the column base 47 for locking the column base 47 to the carriage 29.

A hearing yoke 83 is provided with ways 84 to receive the column 52 for providing a vertically, sliding adjustment of the yoke 83 on the column 52.

For effecting and controlling this adjust ment, there is rotatably but non-slidably mounted on the column 52, the rod 85 having at its upper end the hand wheel 86.

The yoke 83 has a screw-threaded lug 87 in which a screw-threaded portion of the rod 85 is received.

By operating the rod 85, the yoke 83 may be vertically adjusted on the column 52 as may be desired.

The yoke 83supports the split bearings 88' in which. is mounted the upper beam or shaft 89. The halves of the, bearings 88 may be drawn together for clamping and locking the shaft or beam-89 in any position of its rotatable and longitudinal adjustment by means of the screw bolts 90 and the handles 91 thereon.

On the shaft or beam 89 are. collars 92 and 93 slidably but non-rotatably supported 011 the shaft.

A pin 95 projects from the yoke 83. A second pin 96 projects from the collar 93 in such manner that the two pins serve as stops.

The collar 98 is keyed slidably but nonrotatably on the shaft 89, so that the pins will engage when the motor hereinafter mentioned, which is carried by-the shaft 89, stands in position with its shaft vertical.

On one end of the shaft 89 is a head 97, having mounted thereon by means of gibbed ways for adjustment radially of the beam or shaft 89, the turret base 98;

On the head 97 is a bracket 99 in which is rotatably but non-slidably mounted a shaft or rod 100 on the upper end of which is a hand wheel 101.

The shaft or rod 100 has a screw-threaded portion having a screw-threaded connection with the turret base 98,.as shown in Figure 2.

By adjusting the hand wheel 101, the turret base 98 may be adjustedradially with relation to the beam or shaft 89.

There is supported on the turret base 98, a turret 102, which supports the motor 103 for 8 and 11, the edges of which are undercut, as

to be in theposition shown in Figure 8, is flat and horizontal. It will be seen that the portion 105 can be rotated in its bearing thus formed for :rotating the turret and the-motor 103 supported on the turret in the mannerhereinthe shaft to the work.

lation to the shaft or beam 89, soas to present either end of the motor to the work.

The turret 102-has at one end a cylindrical portion 104 from which projects a portion 105, shown in Figure 11, having the shape of a truncated cone tapered toward the cylindrical portion 104:. I V i In the face of the turret base 98 is a slot or groove 106, shown for instance in Figures indicated at 107 in Figure 11, s k

The lower part of the groove 106 lssemicircular as indicated at A in Figure 8 to:

receive the portion 105 of theturret, while the side walls are extended upwardly parallel with each other as shownin Figure 8.

Received in the groove 106 of the turret base 98 above the portion 105 of the turret is a block 109, the side edges of which fare beveled to fit the walls of the groove 106 and the upper edge of which, assumingthe parts after mentioned. 1 r The turret base 98 has in its sides opposlte aligned slots llOand 111 communicating with the groove 106, as shown in Figure 8.

and mounted that by drawing thev wedge bar shown in Figure 8 toward the left, the, beveled faces114 'Will coact with the beveled walls 112 to force, the wedge bar downwardly against the block 109 for causing the block 109, the lower edge of which fits the portion 105, to beclamped against the portion 105 for locking the turret in the turret base.

The motor 103 is so constructed as hereinafter somewhat more fully referred to that cutters maybe mounted upon either end of its shaft, andit is therefore desirable,

that the motor should be reversible on the turret base by turning it halfa revolution, so as to present thecutter on either end of tions only on the turret base.

motor and conse For quickly and accurately fixing these two positions before adjusting" the wedge bar 113 for locking the parts together, there is provided a projecting lug or arm 118, which projects over the cylindrical portion 104 of the turret 102. Slidably mounted in the arm 118 is a tapered pin 119 having the disc-shaped handle or the like 120 and adapted to be selectively driven into either of the tapered holes 121 formed diametrically, opposite each other in the surface of the cylindrical portion 104 of the turret 102.

Mehns might be provided for locking the pins 119 in their inner positions, but I find that by driving them into the tapered holes, they will hold tightly enough for all practical purposes.

The motor 103 is provided with four feet 122, which are formed with elongated slots 123. These feet rest against the face of the turret 102 and adjacent to ribs 124 thereon.

The feet 122 are fastened to the turret 102 by means of cap screws or bolts 125.

It will, of course, be understood that the feet 122 .are connected with the motor by means of the legs 126.

In order to provide for final and minute adjustment of the motor longitudinally of its shaft axis'on the turret, the following means are provided:

"Slidably received between the opposite pairs of legs 126, as shown for instance in Figures 10 and 11, is a wedge, comprising 'abase 127, a pair of ears 128 projecting toward the motor on one side, and a. rib 129 projecting toward the turret 102 on the otherside. This rib is inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the base 127 and is received in a similarly inclined slot 130 in the face of the turret 102.

. By adjusting the wedge longitudinally when the parts are in the position shown in Figure 10, it will be seen that the wedge will be forced also upwardly or downwardly, be-

cause-of the travel of the portion 129 in the groove 130, for thus forcing the legs of the motor up or down.

When the proper adjustment of the motor has been reached, the cap screws 125 are tightened.

For conveniently adjusting the wedge 127 and also for swinging the motor in its rotary movement, around a horizontal axis, there is slidably mounted in the ears 128, a rod 131 having at its endsthe heads 132.

The rod 131 can be grasped for sliding it quickly in' either direction and using one headto tap on the wedge 127 for adjusting that wedge.

The rod 131 can also be used to swing the motor. around. 7 V

, Between the rod 131 and the base 127 of the wedgejand between the 128 is a curved, flat spring 133 designedto frictionally engage the rod .131 and prevent accidental sliding movement thereof.

the projection of the shaft 134 through both end plates of the motor.

Thus the motor can over for presenting the cutter on either end to the work for making cuts of different kinds or for cutting different pieces of wood with the grain differentlyarranged.

1 have provided a mounting inieachend of the shaft 134. Cutters of different kinds, as for instance right and left-hand cutters maybe mounted in either end of the shaft 1341-. For this purpose, each shaft end 134 is provided with a tapered opening 135, at theinner end of which 'is a screwthreaded portion 136, and inwardly therefrom is a smaller screw-threaded portion .137.

I have provided right-hand cutters 138 and left-hand cutters 139, each having a tapered shank 140 to fitin the tapered openmg 135.

The right-hand cutters have right-hand screw-threaded spindles 1 12 to screw into the portion 136 and the left-hand cutters have left-hand screw-threaded portions 141 to screw into the screw-threaded portions 137.

I will now explain the various adjustments and operations of my improved universal carvingmachine and thereafter will explain the operationsas applied to apiece of work and in the latter connection will describe certain jigs and other means for mounting the work on'thc table.

is fixed againstsliding movement with-relation to the table 16 and hasa screw-threaded connection with the ear 19 of the head 17,

therotation of the shaft causes the table 16 ,toslide up and down. I

Assuming that it is desired to swingthe tableraround the center of the line of the shaft 12 as an axis, the operator presses on the foot pedal 28, causing the upper end of thelever 28 to engageiand forceoutward one end of the catch 28 and causing the other end of the catch 28 to swing clear of be quickly turned thehead 17'against the tension of-the spring 28 (SeeFigures2, 3 and 5.)

The table is handled during this operation by means ofthe handle 25, which tends to brin it back until it'is stopped in its normal position by the set screw 26 shown in Figure3.

It will. of course, be understood that beforethetable is rotated,-the hand wheel 12*,

shown in Figures2 and 4, has been operated to'render the clamping blocks 12 inoperative to hold the shaft 12 against rotation.

Referring now to the various movements and adjustments ofthe cutters, I will start with the motor and work from it to the frame 10.

It willbe noted in the'first place that the motor may be adjusted lengthwise of the axis of its shaft byiloosening the cap screws '125shown in Figures 2 and 10 by which the motor feet are connected with the turret Thereupon, the rod 131 maybe used for moving the wedge 127 endwise 'for securing the proper adjustment of the motor for centeringit so that'it maybe reversedand yet bring each of the two cutters into interchangeable positions.

When this adjustment has been reached, the cap screws 125 are tightened, and ordinarily this adjustment is not changed dur :ing the operation of the machine.

The motorcanthen be reversed in position bygiving'it a hal'f turn to present either end of'its shaft toward the table and the work handle 131 may'be grasped for swinging the motor over.

\Vhen the motor'has been turned over, the tapered pin 119 is pushed into the opposite hole 121 from that which it originally occupied.

Similarly, when it is desired to swing the -motor around the axis of'the shaft 89 for 'bringing'the cutter on the motorshaft into operative relation with a certain piece of work on the table 16, the operator grasps the handles 91 to loosen the screws 90 so as to permit the shaft 89 to rotate readily in the bearings 88. v

.If it is desired to adjust the motor toward or from the table 16 from its position shown in Figure 2.for changing the radius at which the cutter on'the motor ,will swing, the operator rotates the hand wheel 101 for raising or lowering the turret base 98 with relation to'the head97.

(See Figure2.)

A vertical adjustment of the shaft 89 is provided .and'by rotating-the wheel86, the yoke 83 may be raised or lowered on the column 52. (See'Figures 2 and 3.)

If it is desired to move the motor from lit its central position shown for instance in Figure 2 forwardly or rearwa-rdly on the operators side of the machine, the hand wheel or head 69 is actuated for releasing the gripof the head 71 against the plate and the grip of the plate 35 against the carriage 10, and thereupon the hand wheel 39 can be rotated for imparting rotation to supported. thereby.

If it is desired to move the column base 47 laterally toward or from the table 16, the operator rotates the head or hand wheel 82 (shown in Figures 1 and 2) for releasing the frictional grip between the plate 81 and the column base 17, and then rotates the hand wheel 58 for actuating the shaft 59, sprockets 61 and 62 and the chain 64.

The chain 64 being secured to the column 53 and thus to the column base 47 moves the base and the parts carried thereby laterally.

'lVhen the adjustment has been made, the head 82 is screwed tight and the parts a e thus locked." I t It will thus be seen that I have provided a carving machine having mechanical structure whereby a right or' left hand cutter may be made to operate upon stock placed on the table, and whereby cutters placed on either end of the motor shaft may be easily moved to operative position.

I'have'provided further such a structure as will permit the cutter, which is in use, to travel. in a straight horizontal line forward or back from the operator or in a straight, horizontal line to the right or to the-left.

Bythe'adjustment either ofthe carriage 29 or the column base 17 by the mechanism provided therefor during the operation of the cutters, the cutters may be made to travel in any, direction in'a horizontal plane.

Likewise the operator may swing the cutters and at the same time move the column 52 toward or from him or laterally by the means herein described, while the cutter is being swung on the arc of a circle, giving to the cutter in addition to its swinging movement, aforward and back motion or a right and left motion or any combination of these movements.

Inaddition'to the above movements, the

table with the worker stock mounted thereon may bemoved in the are of a circle past the I cutter in a'vertical plane swingingtoward ble of a great-variety of movements,where by almost any type of machine carving can be carried on.

portion or easing 1 141 to be connected with the lower end of a stair rail.

The volute may be made from a single piece or it may be assumed that the wood from which this piece of work is to be formed has been glued together for instance in two pieces 13' and G. as shown in Figure 15, and that the side curves and the curve of the casing from the horizontal. have been made by'sawing the sides and top and bottom of a piece of work on a band saw or the like, then carving for giving the finished shape to the piece may be quickly and easily accomplished with my machine.

I provide for holding the work on the table 16 suitable jigs.

In Figures 18 and 19, I have shown one of these-jigs Fifi-gripped to the table by means of clamp plates 146 and cap screws 147. The particular jig now under consideration is intended to'fit the under surface of the irregular voluteshaped carving shown in Figure '14:. i

For clamping the work to the jigs, any suitable clamping devices may be provided.

I have shown the piece of work I) placed upside down on the 145 in Figure 18. The jig is provided at one end with an up wardly projecting lug 148 through which is extended aset screw 149 to engage the upper end of the easingl tt, which is not spoiled if it is slightly marred. On the set screw 149 is a suitable adjusting'handle 150. As many of the set screws may be employed, as is desired.

For engaging the opposite side of the work, I provide a peculiar clamping or gripping member, such as is shown in Figures 18, 19 and 20. This member comprises a jaw 151 having an elongated slot 152 therein. A bolt 153 is mounted in the 145 and is clamped by means of a nut 154-, which draws the shoulder formed by the cylindrical portion 155 of the bolt against the jig.

The bolt has a squared end 156 received in the side portion 1570f the upper side of the slot 152. The head or end 156 holds the body 151 snugly against the jig 145, but permits sliding movement. ofthe body 151.

At one end of the body 151 is a toothed portion orthe like 158 for engaging the I used as are necessary to hold the work, and

the number is determined by the character of the work and by the j ig'.

Assuming that the piece of work 1) is mounted on the table on the jig, as shown in Figure 18, a pattern 163 is placed on the upper side of the work, which in the particular instance now under consideration,

is the'hottom of the piece, for guiding the operator infinishing the carving operation.

The pattern is held in place by means of a hook bolt 16 1, the hook 165 of which is engaged over thepattern and the shank of which extends through the jig 1 and is locked in place by means of a nut 166.

The pattern may be fastened to the work by means of screws 1.67 alsoiit desired.

It will, of course, be understood that any suitable means for mountingthe work on. the table may he employed.

For purposes of illustrationfl will assume that the table isin horizontal position and that'the operator desires first to cut or carve the sides of that portion of the work which lies in horizontal position. This happens to be in the present instance the main body of the volute 1 12 carved as shown in a horizontal plane. The table is locked in horizontal position.

The motor is adjusted until the cutter on the motor shaft is adjacent to the work at the point where the carving operation to begin.

In order to facilitate the following of the pattern, a guide cylinder or sleeve 168is mounted on the motor shaft bearing adjacent to the cutter. The diameter of the guide sleeve 168 may be varied by placing shells thereon. The sleeves 168 are attached to the end plate 169.01 the motor and do not rotatewith the shaft.

The cutter having been adjusted until it stands approximately at the point 6 (see Figure 15), the motor is adjusted, the carriage and the base are released from their locking means, and the operator operates the two hand wheels 58 and 38 for causing the cutters to follow the pattern in the direction indicated by the arrow 170 in Figure 15.

It will be understoodthat a right or lefthand cutter is employed depending upon the direction of the grain of the wood along the line to be cut.

The cutter f illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 15 rotates in the direction indi cated by the arrow thereon.

This operation is continued until the cutter reaches thepoint g in Figure 15. Then the cutter is moved away from the work, car ried around to the point 71, to clear that portion between g and h where the grain cannot be properly cut by the cutternand would'be likely chipped or split.

The cutter is started to work again at the point h and the machine similarly. opercarves the work from the point- 9 to the point it and then from the point z to the point j and from thepoint to the point Z.

Ordinarily the cutter, as illustrated in Figure16, carves only a portion of the thickness of the side of the workleaving the lower portion to be subsequently finished.

The cutter is then adjusted to position for instance adjacent to the point 0 and'the table isreleased from its locking device and is swung'by the handle 25, while at the same time, the hand wheel 58 would be actuated for causing the cutter to follow the pattern,

until the carving is completed from the point e to the point a.

The cutter is then adjusted to the point a and a similar operation is performed 'to complete the carving from the point a to the point 0.

During these latter two cuts, the carriage 29 is locked in its central position by the pin 76.

' After completing this operation on a number of parts, the cutter is moved out of the way and the pattern and work removed from the jig and the attachment bracket 171 is mounted on thejig.

The partly finished volute is then turned over with the upper end of the bracket 171 supporting the upper end of the easing. Clamps 172 similar to the clamps 151 may now be substituted for the clamps 151. The forms of the clamps172 are simply suggested and are here used because the portions 173 which engage the work are of such shape to fit the molding or rib or other shape given to that portion of the work, which has been curved.

A cutter 138* is then mounted on the motor shaft for finishing the carving of the upper portion of. the side. of the work. This cutter is provided with a lower non-cutting portion 174, which serves asthe guide and makes it unnecessary in the particular piece of work nowbeing illustratedto use a. pattern on the top, ofthe work.

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It will be noted that in the particular work now being illustrated, a rib 175 is left on top of the work and this may be taken off subsequently by hand.

It will be noted from the foregoing that work can be carved for making irregular or curving surfaces of almost any desired shape.

By properly mounting the work and swinging either the table or the cutter around their respective axes of rotation, a pieceof work can be carved for cutting on almost any desired curve in a vertical plane.

By operating the handwheels 38 and 58, the cutter may be actuated for carving the work for any curve in a horizontal plane.

By swinging the table around its axis of rotation and operating either one or the other of the hand wheels '38 or 58, the work can be carved on curves in horizontal and vertical planes and combinations thereof.

The machine can be readily adjusted or the cutters changed to accommodate the machine to the grain of the wood.

The machine particularly effects tremendous saving on work that heretofore has been performed entirely or largely by hand.

It will be noted that while I have described and claimed the table and cutter as in certain assumed normal positions and have for instance referred to the horizontal adjustment of the table, I do not desire to limit myself to a structure as described here for purposes of illustration. For example, if the machine shown in the drawings were turned a quarter turn to the right, it would still embody the principles of my invention, and yet what I have called in the present specification, horizontal adjustment of the cutter would then include both verti cal and horizontal adjustment of the table.

Changes may be made in the details of the structure and arrangement of the parts of the machine without departing from the real spirit and purpose of the invention, and it is my object to cover by my claims, any modified forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents, which maybe reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1. Ina carving machine, a frame, a work table mounted thereon. a cutter, means for mounting said cutter for swinging it about an axis, and means for adjusting said cutter radially of such axis, said device including means for supporting said cutter for independent fixed rotary adjustment with relation to its axis of rotation, said device having means for affording fixed radial adjustment of'the cutter with relation to the axis of its first-mentioned rotary swinging movement.

' 2. In a carving machine, a frame, a work table'mounted thereon, a cutter, means for mounting said cutter for swinging it about an axis, and means for adjusting said cutter radially of such axis, said device including means for supporting said cutter for inde pendent fixed rotary adjustment with relation to its axis of rotation, said device having means for affording fixed radial adjustmen of the cutter with relation to the axis of its firstmentioned rotary swinging movement, said device having additional means for. adjusting the cutter toward or from the table.

3. Ina carving machine, a frame, a work table mounted thereon, a cutter, means for mounting said cutter for swinging it about an axis, and means for adjusting said cutter radially of such axis, said device includ ing means for supporting said cutter-for independent fixed rotary adjustment with relation to its axis of rotation, said device having means for affording fixed radial ad ,justment of the cutter with relation to the axis of its first-mentioned rotary swinging movement, said device having additional means for adjusting the cutter toward or from the table, and means for adjusting the table toward or from the cutter.

4. In a carving machine, a frame, a work table mounted thereon, a cutter, means for mounting said cutter for swinging it about an axis, and means for adjusting said cutter radially of such axis, said device including means for supporting said cutter for independent fixed rotary adjustment with relation to its axis of radial adjustment of the cutter with relation to the axis of its firstmentioned rotary swinging movement, said device having additional means for adjusting the cutter toward or from the table, and means for adjusting the table toward or from the cutter, said device having also means for rotating the table around an axis during the operation of the cutter.

5. In a carving machine, a work support table and a cutter, means for mounting said table and cutter for swinging movement around and at different distances from spaced horizontal axes and means for locking each whereby the work placed on said table may be cut on a radius, the curve thereby produced on the work bending up or down depending on whether the table or cutter is swung on its axis.

6. In a carving machine, a work support table and a cutter, means for mounting said table and cutter for swinging movement around spaced horizontal axes and means for locking each whereby the work placed on said table may be cut on a radius, the curve thereby produced on the work bending up or down depending on whether the table or cutter is swung on its axis, and means for affording radial adjustment of the cutter and the table with relation to its axis of rotation.

77. In a carving machine, a frame, a table ill) present the respective cutter supported thereon, a motor having a shaft adapted to carry cutters on either end, means for mounting said motor on said table for presenting either end of its shaft to the work on the table and means f0" adjusting said "motor on said table longitudinally relative to the shaft of the motor for positi i said cutters to assume th same pos tion when the mounting means s operated to c said work.

8. In a carving machine, a frame, a table supported thereon, a carri 'e, means for adjustin -L;- said carriage horizontally on said table, a column base, means for adjusting said column base horizontally on carriage at right angles to the carriage ad ustmeat, a column on said column base, a shaft, means for mounting the shaft or perm, ting it to rotate on the col umn, said 1 us being vertically adjustable on the column, a head on the shaft, a turret base mounted on the head for radial adjustment with relation to the shaft, and a motor supported on said turret base.

9. In a carving machine, a frame, a table supported thereon, a carriage, m ans for adjusting said carri e horizontally on said table, a column base, means for adjusting said column base horizontally on said carriage at right angles to the carriage adjustment, a column on said column base, a shaft, means for mounting the shaft for permitting it to rotate on the column, said means being vertically adjustable on the column, a head on the shaft, a tiu'rct base mounted on the head for radial adjustment with relation to the shaft, and a motor supported on said turret base for rotatable adjustment for presenting either end of its shaft to work on the table.

10. In a carving machine, a frame, a table supported. thereon. carriage, means for ad justing said carriage horizontally on said table, a column base, means for adjusting said column base horizontally on said car ria-ge at right angles to the carriage adjust ment, a column on said colun'in base, a shaft, means for mounting the shaft for permittino it to rotate on the column, said means being vertically adjustable on the COlllD'lH, a head on the Sl111ift, a turret base mounted on the head for radial adjustment with relation to the shaft, and a motor supported on said turret base for rotatable adjustment for presenting e ther end of its shaft to work on the table, said device having additional means for affording adjustment of the motor lengthwise of the axis of its shaft.

11. Ina carving machine, a frame, a table supported thereon, a carriage, means for adjustmg said carriage horizontally on said table, a column base, means for adjusting said column base horizontally on said carriage at right angles to the carriage adjustment, a column on said column base, a shaft,

means for mounting the shaft for permitting it to rotate on the column, said means being vertically adjustable on the column, a head on the shaft, a turret base mounted on the head for radial adjustment with relation to the shaft, and a motor supported on said turret base, said table being mounted riage at right angles to the carriage adjust? ment, a column on said column base, a shaft, means for mounting the shaft for permit ting it to rotate'on the column, said means being vertically adjustable on the column, a head on the shaft, a turret base mounted on thehead for radial adjustment with relation to the shaft, and a motor supported on said turret base, said table being mounted for rotary adjustment and for radial adjustment with relation to its axis of rotation. I

13. In a carving machine, a frame, a table supported thereon, a carriage, means for adjusting said carriage horizontally on said table, a column base, means for adjusting said column base horizontally on said carriageat right angles to the carriage adjustment, a column on said column base, a shaft, means for mounting the shaft for permitting it to rotate on the column, said means being vertically adjustable on the column, a head on the shaft, a turret base mounted on the head for radial adjustment with relation to the shaft, and a motor supported on said turret base for rotatable adjustment for presenting either end of its shaft to work on the table, said table being mounted for rotary swinging movement.

14. In a carving machine, a frame, a table supported thereon, a carriage, means for adjusting said carriage horizontally on said table, a column base, means for adjusting said column base horizontally on said car riage at right angles to the carriage adjustment, a column on said column base, a shaft, means for mounting the shaft for permitting it to rotate on the column, said means being vertically adjustable on the column, a head onthe shaft. aturret base mounted on the head for radial adjustment with relation to the shaft, and a motor supported 011 said turret base for rotatable adjustment for presenting either end of its shaft to work on thetable, said table being mounted for rotary swinging movement and for radial adjustment with relation to the axis of its rotary movement.

15. A machine of the class described comprising a Work table and a cutter supported to carve work on the table, the support zfOI said cutter being rotatable, means for ad- IZU justing the cutter relative to its support whereby it may be swung at various radii, said cutter being rotatably mounted relative to its support for rotation independent of the rotation of the support, means for locking such rotation comprising a cylindrical portion, a half circle socket engaging onehalf of said cylindrical portion and a slidably mounted block for engaging the other half thereof and means for sliding said block to cause it to frictionally engage the cylindrical portion.

16. A cutter supporting mechanism comprising a rotatably mounted shaft, a head adjustable across the end thereof, a motor supported on said head for slidable movement thereon longitudinally of the shaft of the motor and means for causing such sliding movement comprising an angularly disposed slot in said head, a slidably mounted block in the base of said motor and an angu larly disposed projection on said block adapted to fit in said slot.

17. A cutter supporting mechanism comprising a rotatably mounted shaft, a head adjustable across the end thereof, a motor support rotatably mounted on said head, a motor supported on said motor support for elidable movement thereon longitudinally of the shaft of the motor and means for causing such sliding movement comprising an angularly disposed slot in said head, a slidably mounted block in the base of said motor and an angularly disposed projection on said block adapted to fit in said slot.

18. In a carving machine, a frame, a Work table mounted thereon, a cutter, means for mounting said cutter for swinging it about an axis transversely to its own axis, means for adjusting said cutter radially of such axis and means for moving said cutter along its own axis and relative to said last means, said means for so moving the cutter comprising a slidably mounted block having an angularly arranged projection and a groove 4 in the means mounting said cutter, said projection being adapted to slide in said groove.

Des Moines, Iowa, October 7, 1925.

SERN MADSEN. 

